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Xi, Modi and Putin attend SCO summit: What’s on the agenda?

Prime Minister Narendra Modi and President Xi Jinping held a brief interaction during the 26th Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit in Kyrgyzstan. The meeting occurs as the bloc marks its 25th anniversary, though the organization continues to struggle with a unified worldview despite representing a quarter of the global population. While Xi Jinping seeks a multipolar world to counterbalance Western influence, India remains engaged but aloof to prevent the group from becoming a Chinese-led anti-Western coalition or a bandwagon for Beijing.

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Prime Minister Modi and President Xi Jinping conducted a brief interaction at the summit.

Live updates

  1. Modi and Xi hold brief meeting at 25th anniversary SCO summit

    Prime Minister Narendra Modi and President Xi Jinping held a brief interaction during the 26th Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit in Kyrgyzstan. The meeting occurs as the bloc marks its 25th anniversary, though the organization continues to struggle with a unified worldview despite representing a quarter of the global population. While Xi Jinping seeks a multipolar world to counterbalance Western influence, India remains engaged but aloof to prevent the group from becoming a Chinese-led anti-Western coalition or a bandwagon for Beijing.

    Why it matters

    The summit takes place amid ongoing tensions between India and China following the Galwan clash. India is balancing its SCO membership with a need to hedge against an unpredictable United States. Meanwhile, Vladimir Putin and Xi Jinping continue to strengthen bilateral ties.

    What is confirmed

    • The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation is marking its 25th anniversary.
    • The SCO represents a quarter of the globe.

    Still unconfirmed

    • Modi and Xi Jinping held a brief interaction at the 26th SCO Summit.

    What to watch next

    • Official readouts of the Modi-Xi interaction regarding border guardrails.
    • Formal SCO declarations on the war in Ukraine.
    Sources used for this update (4)
    1. www.indiaweekly.biz — India’s GDP numbers draw fire over changes to last year’s data
    2. theconversation.com — Xi, Putin and Modi looking in different directions as Shanghai Cooperation Organisation marks 25th anniversary
    3. jen.jiji.com — Astana, Bern eye expanded ties as new Swiss Ambassador begins mission
    4. timesofindia.indiatimes.com — From Galwan to Guardrails: Modi–Xi and India–China’s cautious rapprochement
    confidence 80%

  2. India Hedges US Ties While China Seeks Multipolar World at SCO Summit

    India is maintaining an aloof but engaged posture at the Shanghai Cooperation Organization summit in Kyrgyzstan to counter Chinese influence and hedge against an unpredictable US. While Xi Jinping seeks to build a multipolar world to counterbalance the West, New Delhi aims to keep the bloc relevant to the Global South without allowing it to become a Chinese bandwagon or an anti-Western coalition. This occurs as Narendra Modi has called for an end to the war in Ukraine and Xi Jinping has pledged to strengthen bilateral ties with Vladimir Putin.

    Why it matters

    The SCO serves as a platform for Russia and China to challenge US global dominance. India's participation is a strategic balancing act to avoid total alignment with either the West or a China-led bloc.

    Still unconfirmed

    • India's engagement is a hedge against an unpredictable US and an effort to counter China's influence within the bloc
    • New Delhi wants to prevent the bloc from becoming an explicitly anti-Western coalition or a Chinese bandwagon
    • China is gathering partners around a vision of a multipolar world but faces internal divisions among those partners

    What to watch next

    • Official summit communiques regarding regional security and US influence
    • Further diplomatic statements from New Delhi on the balance between SCO and BRICS objectives
    Sources used for this update (9)
    1. jen.jiji.com — Spain’s summer heat claims more than 5,000 lives
    2. jen.jiji.com — Eco of Nomads ethno-song festival opens at World Nomad Games in Kyrgyzstan
    3. theprint.in — Global media analyses India’s ‘aloof, but engaged’ SCO comeback in the backdrop of a Xi power flex
    4. thediplomat.com — Balancing China and Russia: India’s Tightrope Walk at BRICS
    5. jen.jiji.com — Kazakhstan welcomes Azerbaijani students amid growing partnership
    6. jen.jiji.com — Kazakhstan, South Korea explore projects in AI and industry
    7. jen.jiji.com — Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan deepen cooperation on transboundary water resources
    8. jen.jiji.com — Dauren Kossanov reappointed as Kazakhstan’s defense minister
    9. en.vijesti.me — Cracks between the US and its allies are opening up space for China
    confidence 80%

  3. Xi, Modi and Putin Meet at SCO Summit to Counter US Influence

    Leaders of China, Russia, and India gathered in Kyrgyzstan for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization summit. The meeting serves as a coordinated effort to counter US global influence and establish Russia as a counterweight to the West. During the summit, Narendra Modi urged Vladimir Putin to end the war in Ukraine for the sake of humanity, while Xi Jinping informed Putin that the foundations of their bilateral ties would grow stronger.

    Why it matters

    The SCO summit brings together regional powers to challenge Western hegemony. Kyrgyzstan is hosting the event. The tension between the participants' goals is highlighted by India's call for peace in Ukraine amidst Russia's strategic alignment with China.

    What is confirmed

    • Leaders of China, Russia, and India met in Kyrgyzstan for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization summit.
    • The summit aims to counter US global influence.
    • Narendra Modi told Vladimir Putin that the war in Ukraine must end for humanity's sake.

    Still unconfirmed

    • Vladimir Putin intends to set Russia as a counterweight to the West at the Bishkek summit.
    • Xi Jinping told Putin that the foundations of their ties will be stronger.
    • Vladimir Putin appeared tense during his meeting with Narendra Modi.

    What to watch next

    • Official communique regarding SCO security agreements
    • Statements on specific timelines for the end of the Ukraine conflict
    • Details on new bilateral trade agreements between China and Russia
    Sources used for this update (9)
    1. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty — Putin Looks To Set Russia As Counterweight To West At Bishkek Summit
    2. AP News — Leaders of China, Russia and India are among heads of state meeting to counter US influence
    3. Al Jazeera — Xi, Modi and Putin set to meet for SCO summit: What’s on the agenda?
    4. Reuters — China's Xi tells Putin that foundations of ties will be stronger
    5. nypost.com — Putin, Modi and Xi Jinping unite for anti-US global influence summit
    6. Yahoo — India's Modi tells Russia's Putin that the war in Ukraine must end for humanity's sake
    7. NDTV — "India Supports Peace In Ukraine": PM Narendra Modi Meets Vladimir Putin In Kyrgyzstan
    8. politico.eu — Modi implores tense Putin to end Ukraine war
    9. www.nbcnews.com — Leaders of China, Russia and India meeting to counter U.S. influence
    confidence 90%