Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection represents a critical intersection of viral-induced inflammation and cardiovascular pathology. This review explores the dual mechanisms driving SARS-CoV-2-associated ACS and evaluates emerging therapeutic strategies, including phytomedicine and nanotechnology, to address both viral and cardiovascular complications.
SARS-CoV-2 and ACS pathogenesis
SARS-CoV-2 infection exacerbates ACS through systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and plaque destabilization. The virus triggers a cytokine storm, marked by elevated inflammatory biomarkers (e.g., IL-6, C-reactive protein), which promote platelet activation, thrombus formation, and coronary microvascular dysfunction. These processes are amplified by hypoxia and hemodynamic…